Chusetts



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

S. S. PUTNAM & L. H. DWELLEY. MACHINE FOR MAKING HORSESHOE NAILS.

No. 62,685. V Patented Mar. 5, 1867.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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Patented Mala-5, 1867.

ainitrh gem gamut @ffira SILAS S. PUTNAM AND LUCIUS H. DWELLEY, OF D ORGHESTER, MASSA- GHUSETT S, ASSIGNOR TO S. PUTNAM 81/00., OF NEW YORK.

LctterePaten-t .No. 62,685, dated March 5, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT 1N MACHINES FOR MAKING HORSE-SHOE NAILS.

the firlictnlc nfertch it it tins: Enters 331mm imt mating part at tlge sane.

TO TALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: 7

Be itknown that we, SILAS S. PUTNAM and LUGIUS H. DWELE'EY, of. Dorchester, in the county of Norfolk,

andflState of lllfassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Making Horse-Shoe Nails, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, mhking part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a perspectiveview of our improved machine. 7

Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section through the centre of the same.

Figure 3 is an elevation of one end of the same. I

Figures 4, 5, G, and 7,' ;details to be referred to.

Our invent-ion relates to that class of nail machines in which the nail is formed'by means of spring hammers' arranged and operating .in pairs, and consistsin so regulating the hammers that thc. force of their blows twill be gradually diminishell during the formation of the nail, thereby giving it a better finisli'than where the blows are" of equal force thloughout the operation; and our invention also consists in pivoting the cutter-arms to an arm or lever, which isoperated at the required times to bring the cutters up to sever the finished nail from the rod without moving it from its central position between the hammers. And pur invention furthermore consists in certain details-which will be more fully described hereafter. To enable others skilled in the art to understand and use our invention, we will proceed to describe the manner in which we have carried it out. w i

In the said drawings, 'A is the bed of the machine, from which rise the standards a, in suitablebearings, in which runs the driving-shaft B, which carries at one end, outside the standards a, the fly-wheel C and drivingpulley D, and at the opposite end the disk E, .while between the standards a, it carries the cam-wheels F GE I, which operate the hammers. From the-bed A rises'a frame, J, made ixrthe form of a cross, through the opposite sides of which are out four slots, two horizontal ones, I),- and two vertical ones, c,.in'ea'c-h of which is placed the helve of one of the hammers KLMN, which vibrate on pivots dpassin'g through the frame These hammers are arranged in pairs, and are operated by the camqvheels F G I. The two horizontal hammers K Ii are thrown together, when released, by flat springs e, which bear upon the hammers near their outer ends, and are bent around the screw-pinsf, their inner ends resting against screws 9, by turning which the force with which the springs are made to bear upon the hammers, and the consequent force of their blows, may be adjusted with a great degree of nicety. The screws g pass through blocks, 72., which arcsecured in place by pins, ij, and on removing the pins 2', the blocks it can be swung out on the pins 3' as centres, giving free accessto the springs e and facilitating-their insertion and removal. The upper vertical hammer M is thrown by a spring, e, in a. similar manner, while the lower hammer, or former N, is brought uppositively by the cam-wheel I, just previous to the blow of the upper hammer M, and when released drops down by its own weight into the position seen in fig. 1, the projections on the cam-wheel I being all at equal distances from the centre around which they revolve, so as'to raise the hammer N' each time to the same height. The distance of the projections 71:, on the camwheels F G, from the faces of the wheels, and that of the projections Z on the wheel H from the centre around which they revolve, gradually diminish, as'seen in figs 4and 5, so that the hammers K L M are drawn back a less distance For each successive blow, thus gradually diminishing the force of the blows as the operation procecds, the heaviest blows being struck first so as'to reduce the iron quickly, while toward thecompletionof the nail they are much lighter, by which a more perfect finish ol' the nail is insured than where the blows are of equal force throughoutthe operation, and the liabilityof the breakage of the hammers by the concussion of their faces is also greatly diminished." In the face of each of the hammers M N is formed a groove, 8, of a form corresponding to one side of the shank of a finished nail, the head being formed in a groove, 9, which is made by cutting away the outer edges of the hammers so as to leave a space corresponding to thcwidth of the head of the nail. The horizontal hammers K L are made, the one with a groove, 10, corresponding to the Term of one side of the nail and having its outer eclgebevelled as at 11, and the other with a perfectly smooth face, so as to give the required form to the sides of .the nail on which theyope'rate. It will be seen: that thee-boulders under the'head of the-nail are formed by the vertical hammers instead of the horizontal hammers as is usual in areas machines)? this class; and by bringing up the lower vertical hammer N positively by means of the cam-wheel 1 into a position to support the nail just previous to the upper hammer M being released to give its blow, the

forming of the nail, with the shoulders under the head exactly opposite to each other, is insured. O is the furnace, in which the nail-rod 12 is heated. previous to its being fed into the machine, an aperture, 13, being made at each end for it to pass through. This Furnace is attached to a frame, P, (which is secured to supports, Q, projecting from the bed A,) and is placed close to the feeding device so that the nail-rod will be delivered to the hammers beforebecoming cooled. y

We will now proceed to describe the manner in which the nail-rod is fed into the machine. mn are two ho a'zontal shafts, which run in long bearings 0, the ends of which slide in slots in the frame P, the shafts being kept apart by the double spring p, and their distan cc from each other being regulated by the setscrews q. Each of these shafts carries at one end a gear, r, bywhich the motion of the lower one is communicated to the other, and at their opposite ends they ca-rry the toothed feed-wheels or fluted rolls R, by which the nail-rod is seized and carried into the machine. ,-Tl1e teeth on the wheels R slightly indent the heated rod and prevent all liability of slip,' whereby the certainty of feeding in the same length of rod each time is insured, audit will be seen that the heated rod is cooled less by the contact of the points of the teeth than if smooth rolls were employed, as withthe latter a larger surface must necessarily be in contact-with the heated iron. The teeth on the wheels also assist in holding the rod firmly while being operated upon by the hammers. I The lower shaft n is revolved intermittently so as to produce the'i'eed at the required times by means of a ratchet-wheel, s, which is operated by a pawl, t, pivoted to an arm,-S, which turns loosely on the shaft 1L, between the ratchet-wheel s, and gear 1:. To the outer end of the arm S is pivoted a connecting rod, u, the lower end of which is jointed to a bent lever, T, pivoted at v to a post, U, rising from the bed A. l The upper end 14 of the lever T is bent over and rounded, and is kept in contact with the periphery of.the disk E, by the spiral spring to, so that as the disk is revolved the end-14 is drawn into the notch a by the spring in raising the arm S, throughthe connections explained, and causing the pawl t'to fall into the next succeeding tooth off thratchet-wheel s. The inclined-portion 15 of the notch a now strikes the end 1 4 of the lever, raising it out of the notch, and causing the pawl t to turn the ratchet-wheel 8, shafts mn, and toothed feed-wheels R a sufiicient distance to feed the nail-rod forward the exact amount required for the next nail. crank, b, is attached to the outer end of the lower shaft n, so th" t the feed-wheels R may'be revolved -by hand when it 'isdesired to enter or withdraw the nail-rod. Instead of the motch a, a dog or projection on the disk E may be employed to operate the lever T, if preferred.

We will now describethe manner iri which the finished nail is cut off after fbeing operated upon by the .hammers which inthe machine here shown'are so arran ed ahd timed with'res ect to the cut-off as to ive' g P I 8 fourteen blows previous to the nail being detached from the-50d. c'd are two cutter-armmwhich carry the cutters, and are pivotedat 'e' to a lever, V, which is pivoted at f to a stud projecting from a plate, W, attached to the bed A. X isa bent-lever, which is attached to one end of the shaft 16, which is supported in the bearing .-2 projecting from the plate W, and to the opposite end of the shaft 16 is secured a bell-crank, g, the u'pper .ond of which carries a roll, it, which is struck by an inclined. projection, 17, (figs. 4 and 6,) *on the cam-wheel ..F'a's it revolves, rocking the shaft 16 and bent lever X, the upper end ofwhich carries W10ll, i ,.W!llCl1 bears against the curved end of the lever V, and depresses it so as to raise its opposite extremity, and with it the cutter arms cd', bringing the cutters into a position ready to sever the finished nail from the rod. To the lower end of each of the cutter-arms c d, is pivoted a red, It, and theserods are both pivoted at 18 to the inner end of the bent lever X; and thus, as'this lever is rocked, the cutters are broughttogether to cut cit-the nail as required, after which, as soon as the projection 17 passes 011' the roll h,', the levers V X are drawn down by the spiral springs 19 and 20, so as to carry the cutter-arms down out of the way of the hammers. By that! pivoting the cutter-arms to a lever, and bringing them up when the nail is to be cut off, instead of making them of a great length and pivoting them to a stationary support, the. portions of the cntt'jr-arms aboveth'e points where they are pivoted can be made much shorter, causing them to make a'more perie'ct cut, while they can, also, be made much lighter and can be operated quicker-,efiecting a great saving of wear and tear to the machine which can consequently be run at a higher rate of speed. In some cases, if preferred, each'cutter-arm maybe pivoted to a separate arm or lever, operated by suitable mechanism without departing from the spirit of my invention.

' Operation.

The end 'of .the nail-rod being passed into theiurnaceO, through the aperture 13,and heated as required,

is passed through the aperture ut the opposite side of the furnace between the feed-wheels R, which are then I revolved by turning'tl1ecrairl -b' so as to carry therod forward to the hamn1ers,' which are in the position represented in fig. 1, and the maehine'being set iamotion, the nail-rod is operated upon a sullicient number of times to form a finished nail, the force of eltch blow of the hammers being diminished as the operation proceeds. The hammers K L M are now held open, while the nail is being cut oil by the portions-iv of the cam-wheels F G While Wheel I, ing cut awayat fm, fig. 5, allows the hammer N to dropdown by its own Weight, as seem in iigl- 1. The projection 17 onthe cam-wheel F'now strikes the roll-h on the end of the bellcrank g, forcing item and rocking the bent lever X, which, through the connections explained, raised the cutter arms c d andcaus es the cutters to be brought together to sever' the'fini'shed nail from the rod-with out moving it from its normal position. The projection 17 now passe sfoiflthe roll g, allowing the spiral springs 19 and 20 to clraw downv the levers V X, and with them the cutter-arms c' d, out of the way of the hammers. At the same time the rounded end 14 of the ,lever T falls into the notch d inthe disk E, causing the pawl 1., through the connections explained, to fall into the next succeeding tooth. of the ratchet-wheel a, and as the disk continues to revolve, the end of the lever is forced out of the notch a, causing the pawl t to turn the ratchet-wheel 8, and operate the feed-wheels It so as to carry the nail-rod forward at the proper time the exact distance required for the next nail, when the operation continues as before.

- mass 3 1 C'ldiins.

What wocinim as out iiii -en'tio'r; and esi re t secure by Letters Patent, isv 1. We 'cla'imttre couibim tion 0f the co'ms with h ring-hammers,-constructei and operating substantiaily as described and for the puljwsefiefiforjth. I I

, 2. We oiso "olaim the rolls B and tho fcd mchafiism constt'ccted suhstontiolly as ae scribeminoombinotion with thc h'nnmor I,-opera.ting SubSMLQtiuuyiL S dcsctihozl and for the purpose setforth. I

3. We also claim tho mechanism substantiially'as dos cr'ibed for cutting OK the nail without moving the Tog-from its normal'position. v

We also claim the meoh anism 'substontial'ly a dcsofibdforcutting of the nail, inoombination with the hammers K L M crid devicovfor holding the'm a'p airt and out of the way-of the ciltters while the n'a. i1'. is being out 05.

5. W also claim the combination of the'hommers K L M N, mechanism for. cutting off the nail, feedrolls R, and furhac 0, operating substantially ak desct'ibedior the purpose sot 'forth. I

6.; We also claim the lf'gmme'r orflformer N, brought up positively'to the naiLrod, in combination with the spring-hammers K L M, snbtantial-iy as and for thei purpose set forth.

7. We also claim the cam-wheelsF G H1, in combination with the hammers K L M N, and a. device for cutting ofi the nail, substantially a'sde'scribd'. I

" S. S. PUTNAM,

L. H. 'DWELLEY. 

